Daun Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum)

 

Daun Senduduk (Melastoma malabathricum)

🌿 1. Botanical Information

• Scientific Name: Melastoma malabathricum L.

• Common Names: Senduduk, Straits Rhododendron, Indian Rhododendron, Singapore Rhododendron

• Family: Melastomataceae

• Plant Type: Shrub or small tree

• Habitat: Grows widely in Southeast Asia, in open fields, acidic soils, forest margins, and disturbed lands.

• Morphology:

  • Leaves: Simple, opposite, ovate-lanceolate, hairy surface

  • Flowers: Pinkish-purple, five-petaled

  • Fruits: Small capsule with dark-colored seeds

---

⚖️ 2. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Properties

Note: Melastoma malabathricum is not commonly used in Classical Chinese Materia Medica, but analysis based on traditional energetic theory is possible.

Category	Description
Nature (Qi)	Slightly cool (by energetic observation)
Flavor (Wei)	Astringent, slightly bitter
Meridian Entry	Liver, Spleen (hypothesized based on actions)
TCM Actions	Clears heat, stops bleeding, resolves swelling, astringes dampness
Indications	Diarrhea, bleeding gums, dysentery, swelling, skin lesions, menstrual issues

---

🕋 3. Traditional Malay Medicine (TMM) Uses

Preparation Method	Application/Use
Tumbuk daun dan tampal	Luka, bengkak, bisul, sengal otot
Rebus dan minum	Cirit-birit, keputihan, haid tidak teratur, buasir
Air rebusan untuk mandi	Gatal-gatal kulit, kudis, ruam, demam panas
Tapal bunga/akar	Ulser mulut, sakit tekak, masalah pencernaan ringan

---

🧪 4. Phytochemical Constituents

Compound Group	Examples/Notes
Flavonoids	Quercetin, kaempferol, rutin – antioxidant, anti-inflammatory
Tannins	Ellagitannins – astringent, antimicrobial, useful for wound healing
Saponins	Modulate immunity, mildly expectorant
Triterpenoids	Anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective
Anthocyanins	Delphinidin and petunidin derivatives – antioxidant and anti-aging potential
Phenolic acids	Gallic acid – antimicrobial, anti-ulcer

---

🧬 5. Nutritional Components

Nutrient	Presence (estimated based on studies)
Vitamin C	Moderate – aids in wound healing and immunity
Calcium & Iron	Trace amounts – supports bone and blood health
Carotenoids	Found in flowers – antioxidant properties
Fiber	Present in leaves – contributes to gut health (in decoctions or poultices)

🌱 6. Health Benefits (Based on Ethnopharmacological Studies)

System Affected	Potential Benefits
Gastrointestinal	Anti-diarrheal, anti-ulcer, anti-dysentery
Dermatological	Wound healing, anti-inflammatory for skin lesions
Gynecological	Regulates menstruation, reduces white discharge (leucorrhea)
Anti-inflammatory	General reduction in swelling, joint pain, and fever
Antioxidant & Anti-aging	Reduces oxidative stress, promotes tissue repair
Antibacterial	Active against E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis
Hepatoprotective	Protects liver from chemical damage (based on in vivo animal studies)

---

Reference- Compile by Chat GPT 

If you're writing for a thesis or academic paper, use APA or Vancouver referencing. Here are sample reference styles:

APA Style Example:

Zakaria, Z. A., Raden Mohd Nor, R. N. S., Gopalan, H. K., Zainal, H., Pojan, N. H., Morsid, N. A., & Somchit, M. N. (2006). The anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and wound healing activities of Melastoma malabathricum leaf extract in rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 106(3), 386–389.

Vancouver Style Example:

Zakaria ZA, Raden Mohd Nor RN, Gopalan HK, Zainal H, Pojan NH, Morsid NA, et al. The anti-inflammatory, anti-pyretic and wound healing activities of Melastoma malabathricum leaf extract in rats. J Ethnopharmacol. 2006;106(3):386–389.